การพัฒนาถ่านชีวภาพจากเปลือกทุเรียนเพื่อใช้เป็นวัสดุปรับปรุงดินและเพิ่มธาตุอาหารสำหรับเกษตรกรรม ตอนที่ 1 การวิเคราะห์สมบัติทางเคมีและกายภาพ

บทคัดย่อ

The biochar from durian shell in this research was studied as the nutrition enrichment medium for a plant growing media. The durian biochar was pyrolysed in a non-oxygen condition at 400-500 °C which yielded of 3-4 kg durian shell biochar per 100 kg of fresh durian shell. The durian shell biochar was ground and separated to the size of 0.3 to 1.7 mm with the bulk density of 0.3 g/ml. The durian shell biochar had 28% volatile matters, 57% fixed carbon, and 15% ashes content. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) was used to analyze the chemical compositions of durian shell biochar's ashes. It was found that the durian shell biochar had higher phosphorus and potassium content than other biochars such as char from bamboo, palm shell and rice husk. The pH of durian shell biochar was adjusted with the wood vinegar solution. The obtained durian shell biochar from this experiment had a stable pH value in the range of 6.5 -7.0 for 20 days of storage. The surface morphology of the durian shell biochar was determined by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and surface porosity was estimated by iodine number using ASTM D 4607-94. It was found that the durian shell biochar had pore size of 20 µm and iodine number of 202.32 mg/g which showed higher porosity than the other biochars in this study.