การศึกษาสมรรถนะของระบบอบแห้งพลังงานแสงอาทิตย์สำหรับการอบแห้งฟ้าทะลายโจรแบบพาความร้อนแบบบังคับชนิดหลังคาใส

Kotchanipha Yuyen; Sarawut Nabnean

doi:10.60136/bas.v15.2026.4590

Authors

Kotchanipha Yuyen Division of Science Education, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thepsatri Rajabhat University, Lopburi 15000, Thailand
Sarawut Nabnean Division of Science, Major in Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thepsatri Rajabhat University, Lopburi 15000, Thailand

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.60136/bas.v15.2026.4590

Keywords:

Solar drying system, Andrographis paniculata, Wet basis moisture content, Water activity

Abstract

This research investigated the performance of a transparent roof forced convection solar drying Andrographis paniculata (commonly known as “Fah Talai Jone”). The system was designed as a large-scale greenhouse with an area of 3×12 m². The roof structure consisted of alternating transparent and opaque corrugated metal sheets, each measuring 50×120 cm², while the walls were constructed from concrete blocks enclosing all four sides. The ventilation system comprised 6 fans powered by two 80 watt photovoltaic panels. In the experiment, a total of 200 kg of Andrographis paniculata was dried using the system between 8:00 a.m. and 6:00 p.m. The average solar radiation intensity during the experimental period was 366 W/m². Drying system temperature ranged from 36 - 41 °C, which is suitable for herbal processing as it prevents thermal degradation. The initial moisture content of 82% (wb) was successfully reduced to 10% (wb) within only three days. In comparison, natural sun drying achieved a final moisture content of 22% (wb). Thae solar dryer compared to natural sun drying a 40% reduction in drying time. The dried Andrographis paniculata obtained from the solar dryer demonstrated superior quality in terms of bioactive compound retention, color attributes, and a water activity of 0.41, which allows for extended storage stability by reducing the risk of fungal growth. Furthermore, the system effectively prevented insect infestation, rainfall interference, and dust contamination, ensuring a more hygienic and reliable drying process.

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