FDM 3D Printing Filament Fabrication Methods by Reusing the PET Plastics Wastes
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Abstract
The objective of this research is to produce plastic filaments for Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) 3D printing from recycled Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastic waste type. There is a study of optimizing the machine settings for producing plastic filament in dimension size of 1.75±0.05 millimeters (mm) and studying the properties of 3D printed parts with the test specimens according to ASTM D638 for mechanical testing and cubic specimens for dimensional accuracy. Research studies have shown that recycled PET plastic flakes can be produced into plastic filament with a diameter of Ø 1.75±0.05 mm by a mixing ratio of 0 to 40% with new PET plastic pellets. There is freshly melted through a single screw extruder at a barrel temperature of 245 ºC to 285 ºC with a screw speed of 40 RPM. The molten plastic is extruded through a die with a diameter of Ø 3 mm and cooled filaments are drawn through water with pulling speed of 8 meters per minute. The plastic filament produced are of good quality, smooth, clear, translucent, and have no air bubbles within the filaments. The obtain 3D printed parts from recycled PET plastic filaments are has a tensile strength value of 24.27 to 29.97 MPa., a percent elongation value of 1.55% to 2.14 % and dimensional error value of 0.5 to 1.5 %, which is similar to commercial PETG plastic filaments.
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