Analysis of Pedestrian Density and Flow Rate in a Railway Station: A Case Study of Siam BTS Station
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Bangkok, the capital and economic center of Thailand, continues to face severe traffic congestion, making mass transit systems—particularly rail transport—an essential part of the solution. However, the increasing number of passengers has led to crowding within stations. This study aims to propose guidelines for effective metro station design using Siam BTS Station as a case study. The research employs PTV Viswalk simulation software to analyze pedestrian movement patterns and systematically identify potential problems within the station. Six station models with varying numbers of service floors were developed and simulated. The results show that the two-level station (Model 2) — with the first level as the ticketing area and the second level as the platform with a central track and side access — demonstrated the highest efficiency, with a pedestrian flow rate of 0.0286 person/s/m and a destination flow rate of 0.0192 person/s/m. Similarly, the three-level station (Model 5)—where the first level is for ticketing and the second and third levels are platforms with a central track and side access—showed the highest efficiency among the three-level designs, with a pedestrian flow rate of 0.0260 person/s/m and a destination flow rate of 58 0.0086 person/s/m. The findings provide valuable insights for designing or improving metro station layouts to enhance passenger flow distribution, reduce congestion, and support infrastructure planning for new stations. Moreover, the simulation approach can be applied to assess potential impacts prior to implementation, contributing to more effective 62 pedestrian traffic management within metro stations.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
The content and information in articles published in the Journal of Advanced Development in Engineering and Science are the opinions and responsibility of the article's author. The journal editors do not need to agree or share any responsibility.
Articles, information, content, etc. that are published in the Journal of Advanced Development in Engineering and Science are copyrighted by the Journal of Advanced Development in Engineering and Science. If any person or organization wishes to publish all or any part of it or to do anything. Only prior written permission from the Journal of Advanced Development in Engineering and Science is required.
References
Pholpho, S., & Worrarat, S. (2023). Pedestrian Traffic Analysis in Elevated Train Stations: A Case Study of Siam BTS Station, Bangkok. EAU Heritage Journal Science and Technology, 17(3), 127–143. (in Thai)
Banks, J., et al. (2005). Discrete-Event System Simulation (4th ed.). Pearson Prentice Hall.
Korbmacher, R., & Tordeux, A. (2024). Toward Better Pedestrian Trajectory Predictions: The Role of Density and Time-to-Collision in Hybrid Deep-Learning Algorithms. Sensors, 24(7), 2356.
Giannoulaki, M., & Christoforou, Z. (2024). Pedestrian Walking Speed Analysis: A Systematic Review. Sustainability, 16(11), 4813.
Transportation Research Board. (2010). Highway Capacity Manual (5th ed.). National Research Council.
Gupta, A., & Pundir, N. (2015). Pedestrian Flow Characteristics Studies: A Review. Transportation Planning and Technology, 38(6), 575–595.
Helbing, D., & Molnár, P. (1995). Social Force Model for Pedestrian Dynamics. Physical Review E, 51(5), 4282–4286.
Hsu, C., & Huang, W. (2013). Pedestrian Flow Rate and Its Relationship to Crowd Density in Urban Public Spaces. Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, 50, 31–42.
Hoogendoorn, S. P., & Daamen, W. (2005). Pedestrian Behavior at Bottlenecks. Transportation Science, 39(2), 147–159.
Intrapreecha, A., et al. (2022). Study of Pedestrian Behavior at Signalized Crosswalks: A Case Study in Chiang Mai Province. In The 25th National Convention on Civil Engineering 24–26 August 2022, Chiang Mai, Thailand. (in Thai)
Thanyakit, T., & Karoonsoontawong, A. (2022). Traffic Microsimulation Using VISSIM to Improve Traffic Control Measures at Railway Intersection by Preemption System. RMUTK Journal of Engineering, 16(1), 42–54. (in Thai)
Helbing, D., et al. (2000). Simulating Dynamical Features of Escape Panic. Nature, 407(6803), 487–490.
Kirimatthong, M. & Chaiwong, S. (2020). An Evaluation of Service Time at the Security Checkpoint of Chiang Mai International Airport During Normal and New Normal Situations. In The 25th National Conference on Civil Engineering (p. TRL06.1 TRL06.8). 15–17 July 2020, Chonburi, Thailand. (in Thai)
Boonsomparn, P. (2019). Modeling Pedestrian Flow in Transit Stations: A Case Study of Transit Stations in Bangkok. (Master’s thesis, Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology, Thammasat University). (in Thai)
Fadhilah, S. R. & Wibowo, S. S. (2020). Calibration and Validation of Walking Behavior Parameter (Case Study: Sky Bridge of Sultan Mahmud Badaruddin II Airport, Palembang). In The 2nd International Symposium on Transportation Studies in Developing Countries (p. 46–51). 15 October 2019, Palembang, Indonesia.
Petchan, P., & Karoonsoontawong, A. (2020). Development of Simulation Scenarios for the Study of Queuing System at Saphan-Taksin BTS Station by Using PTV Viswalk. Kasem Bundit Engineering Journal, 10(3), 25–45.
