EVALUATING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF CROSS-CURRICULAR PROJECT-BASED LEARNING INTEGRATED WITHIN THE I-MAP FRAMEWORK ON STUDENTS’ LEARNING OUTCOMES AND ENGAGEMENT
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Abstract
This paper evaluated a project-based learning (PBL) model that integrates the “Technology and Innovation” course with a capstone-style project within the I-MAP framework and Backward Design principles. Participants were 32 fourth-year Industrial Technology students who worked in teams to complete a semester-long project. Data were collected through pretest–posttest, analytic rubrics, observational checklists, and focus-group interviews, and analyzed using ANCOVA and linear mixed models. The findings indicate substantial educational gains in theoretical knowledge and project quality. Although some between-team comparisons did not yield statistically significant differences, the effect sizes were large, demonstrating meaningful impacts of the learning model—particularly in large-class PBL contexts. Mixed-model analysis further revealed that team-level contextual factors significantly enhanced the explained variance in students’ behavioral outcomes. Qualitative evidence corroborated the quantitative results, showing that students developed greater intrinsic motivation, demonstrated improved ability to transfer knowledge into real-world practice, and strengthened teamwork skills—all of which align with the observed improvements in cognitive and behavioral learning outcomes.
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