Effect of Harvesting Times of the HomKradung-Nga Cultivar Rice Seedlings on Active Substance Contents and Antioxidant Activity to be Used for Processing into Tea Products
Main Article Content
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to determine the active substance contents including total phenolic,flavonoid, and to analyze the antioxidant activity of HomKradung-Nga rice seedlings at different harvesting times such as 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 days after planting. Then, the rice seedlings were dried at 60°C for 24 h, ground to fine powder and extracted the samples with a single immersion in two different solvents: hot distilled water (100 °C) and 80% (v/v) ethanol(room temperature).The experiment was conducted using a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. It was analyzed by spectrophotometric technique. The results showed that the harvesting times of HomKradung-Nga rice seedlings and the type of solvent used for extraction had a statistically significant effect on the active substance contents (p<0.05).The seedlings were planted at 10 days and were extracted with 80%(v/v) ethanol had the highest value of total phenolic and flavonoid contents as 13.82±0.06 mg of GAE/g.dw and 17.50±0.11 mg of quercetin equivalent/g.dw, respectively. As for antioxidant capacityassay with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity method, the IC50value was 226.07 mg/mL.Therefore, in this reseach, the selecting rice seedlings with the appropriate harvesting period affected on the contents of total phenolic, flavonoid, and antioxidant efficiency. It can be used to further developHomKradung-Nga rice seedlings tea product for health care.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
The content and information in articles published in the Journal of Advanced Development in Engineering and Science are the opinions and responsibility of the article's author. The journal editors do not need to agree or share any responsibility.
Articles, information, content, etc. that are published in the Journal of Advanced Development in Engineering and Science are copyrighted by the Journal of Advanced Development in Engineering and Science. If any person or organization wishes to publish all or any part of it or to do anything. Only prior written permission from the Journal of Advanced Development in Engineering and Science is required.
References
Crystal, E., & Whittlesey, P. (2004). The Role of Rice in Southeast Asia. Education About Asia, 9(3), 50-55.
USDA. (2024). Grain: World Markets and Trade. Available from https://apps.fas.usda.gov/ psdonline/circulars/grain.pdf. Accessed date: 20 January 2024.
Sudtasarn, G., et al. (2008). Research and development of green tea from fragrant rice seedlings. In Rice and Temperate Cereal Crops Annual Conference 2008 (p.398-406). 8 – 10 April, 2008, Chonburi, Thailand. (in Thai)
Shori, A. B. (2015). Screening of antidiabetic and antioxidant activities of medicinal plants. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 13(5), 297-305.
Goufo, P., & Trindade, H. (2014). Rice antioxidants: phenolic acids, flavonoids, anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins, tocopherols, tocotrienols, ‐oryzanol, and phytic acid. Food science and nutrition, 2(2), 75-104.
Sang, S., et al. (2011). The chemistry and biotransformation of tea constituents. Pharmacological Research, 64(2), 87-99.
Zeng, Y., et al. (2018). Preventive and therapeutic role of functional ingredients of barley grass for chronic diseases in human beings. Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity, 2018, 232080.
Du, S., et al. (2021). Differential antioxidant compounds and activities in seedlings of two rice cultivars under chilling treatments. Frontiers in Plant Science, 12, 631421.
Intellectual Property Office of Prince of Songkla University. (2017). Production process of rice sprout powder supplemented with selenium minerals. Available from https:// piti-ipop.psu.ac.th/portfolio/Detail.aspx?id=384. Accessed date 11 August 2024. (in Thai)
Kaewnango, E., et al. (2014). Hawm Gra Dang Ngah, local rice promising lines in Narathiwat province. In Rice and Temperate Cereal Crops Annual Conference 2014 (p.105-117). 21 – 23 May, 2014, Rayong, Thailand. (in Thai)
Torres, A. M., et al. (1987). Total phenolics and high performance liquid chromatography of phenolic acids of avocado. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 35, 921-925.
Zhishen J., et al. (1999). The determination of flavonoid contents in mulberry and their scavenging effects on superoxide radicals. Food Chemistry, 64(4), 555–559.
Singh, R.P., et al. (2002). Studies on the antioxidant activity of pomegranate (Punica granatum) peel and seed extracts using in vitro models. Journal of Agricaltural and Food Chemistry, 50(1), 81-86.
Siriphanich, J. (2006). Postharvest biology and plant senescence. Bangkok: Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University. (in Thai)
Thongchuang, M., et al. (2022). Influence of harvesting period of three rice seedlings on DPPH radical scavenging activity. PKRU SciTech Journal, 6(1), 34-46. (in Thai)
Cevallos-Casals, B. A., & Cisneros-Zevallos, L. (2010). Impact of germination on phenolic content and antioxidant activity of 13 edible seed species. Food Chemistry, 119(4), 1485-1490.
Patra, B., et al. (2013). Transcriptional regulation of secondary metabolite biosynthesis in plants. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 1829(11), 1236-1247.
Randhir, R., et al. (2008). Effect of thermal processing on phenolics, antioxidant activity and health-relevant functionality of select grain sprouts and seedlings. Innovative Food Science and Emerging Technologies, 9(3), 355-364.
Lucioli, S. (2012). Anthocyanins: mechanism of action and therapeutic efficacy. In Capasso, A. (Ed.) Medicinal plants as antioxidant agents: Understanding their mechanism of action and therapeutic efficacy (p. 27-57). Kerala: Research Signpost.
Yang, Z., et al. (2016). Metabolome analysis of Oryza sativa (rice) using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry for characterizing organ specificity of flavonoids with anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activity. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 64(7), 952-956.
Besson, E., et al. (1985). C-glycosylflavones from Oryza sativa. Phytochemistry, 24(5), 1061-1064.
Somporn, C., et al. (2018). The study of antioxidant capacity of green tea from rice seedlings. Rajabhat Agriculture Journal. 17(1), 27-33. (in Thai)
Verma, S., & Dubey, R. S. (2003). Lead toxicity induces lipid peroxidation and alters the activities of antioxidant enzymes in growing rice plants. Plant Science, 164(4), 645-655.
Calzuola, I., et al. (2004). Synthesis of antioxidants in wheat sprouts. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 52(16), 5201-5206.