Isolation and Assessment of Cellulase Activity in Actinobacteria from Herbivorous Animal Feces
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Abstract
Animal feces serve as a habitat for diverse microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and protozoa, which are essential for breaking down organic matter, and contributing to nutrient cycle. Cellulose, a complex carbohydrate prevalent in plant cell walls, is abundant in herbivore feces and is broken down by cellulase-producing microorganisms that reside in their gut as well as in soil, decaying matter, and surrounding environment. The objective of this study was to isolate actinobacteria from herbivore faeces and evaluate their cellulase-producing potential. A total of 50 actinobacterial isolates were obtained from cow, horse, and goat faeces. Among these, 33 isolates produced clear zones on carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) agar plates, with hydrolysis capacity (HC) values ranging from 2.0 to 7.2. Out of 33 isolates, 28 isolates exhibited measurable cellulase activity, ranging from 0.37 ± 0.022 U/ml to 0.98 ± 0.046 U/ml. The five isolates with the highest enzyme activity—MG08, MG15, MH01, MH08, MH09, and MH11—were identified as Streptomyces sp. and demonstrated the ability to tolerate temperatures up to 45 °C. These isolates represent promising candidates for further studies on cellulase production, with potential applications in biomass degradation, bioconversion of agricultural residues, and industrial enzyme production.
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