Journal of Science and Technology Kasetsart University

Evaluation of 2016 Kamphaeng Saen Sugarcane Cultivars in Plant Cane Suitable for Sugarcane Planting Areas in the Central Region and the Northeastern Region

Watsapan Chumyen — 2025-08-21

Evaluation of sugarcane cultivars studying stability and potentiality of the important characters, namely cane yield, CCS, and sugar yield, which were the quantitative characters varying across diverse environments, was carried out using GGE biplot. The evaluation was done using 10 Kamphaeng Saen variety series 2016 with Kamphaeng Saen 01-12 and Khon Kaen 3 varieties as checking varieties. Tests of 9 varietal trials in the central region and
10 varietal trials in the northeastern region using RCBD with 3 replications were managed. It was found that the highest percentage of variance was from environmental factors, approximately 40 percent, followed by the interaction factors between the genetic and the environment, approximately 20 percent, and the genetic factors were approximately 10 percent. The sugarcane variety showing high potential in cane yield is Kamphaeng Saen 16-2-58; in CCS, Kamphaeng Saen 16-1-203; and in sugar yield, Kamphaeng Saen 01-12, Khon Kaen 3, Kamphaeng Saen 16-1-203, Kamphaeng Saen 16-2-25, and Kamphaeng Saen 16-2-58. Kamphaeng Saen varieties are suitable for
sugarcane planting areas in the central region, including Kamphaeng Saen 16-1-203; in the northeastern region, Kamphaeng Saen 16-2-58 and Kamphaeng Saen 16-2-25.

A Preliminary Study on Using Mixed Light from LED for Indoor Cultivation of Caulerpa lentillifera J.Agardh, 1837

Warachai Rueangnoi — 2025-08-21

A preliminary study on using LED light for indoor cultivation of green caviar seaweed, Caulerpa lentillifera J. Agardh, 1837. The objective was to test the growth of seaweed exposed to different wavelengths of LED light as blue mixed with red (1B:3R), white mixed with red (1W:2R), and white mixed with blue (1W:2B), and compare it with natural light. The experiment was to culture seaweed for 14 days using seawater with 30 ppt of salinity and under an average total ammonia concentration of 0.03±0.01 mg/l. The results showed that the natural light experiment had an average fresh weight of 876.67±193.99 g. Weight gain was reported at 104.6 percent of the initial weight, and DGR was 3.93±1.07%/day.
In mixed LED light experiments, 1B:3R, 1W:2R, and 1W:2B had average fresh weights of 776.67±41.86, 761.00±61.22, and 741.67±72.17 g, respectively, with weight gains of 55.33±8.37, 52.20±12.24, and 48.33±14.43% and DGR of 3.07±0.48, 2.91±0.42, and 2.89±0.61%/day, respectively. The growth of green caviar seaweed was non-significant difference between the experiments (P>0.05). The results of the study indicate that LED lights could be used to cultivate seaweed in situations where there is insufficient natural light for seaweed growth.

Effect of Photosynthetic Bacteria on Growth of Red Oak Lettuce Cultivated in an Organic Farming System

Napapan Nimpanich — 2025-08-21

The purpose of this experiment was to study effects of the frequency of foliar spraying of photosynthetic bacteria for the growth of red oak lettuce. A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 5 replications and 5 treatments was used. The treatments consisted of varying frequencies of the number of times the photosynthetic bacteria application were sprayed on the Red Oak lettuce, including 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 times. Growth parameters, including the number of leaves, leaf greenness, stem diameter, canopy width, fresh weight, and dry weight, were recorded weekly until harvest. The results showed no statistically significant differences among treatments in most growth parameters, except for canopy width, five weeks after transplanting. The treatment with one-time foliar application of photosynthetic bacteria resulted in the largest canopy width compared to treatments with 2, 3, and 4 application times.

Potential of Phytolith Accumulation in Thai Rice Cultivars

Siratchaya Luangcharuthorn — 2025-08-21

Phytoliths are non-crystalline amorphous silica and are considered non-labile carbon, offering long-term carbon sequestration. This study aimed to evaluate phytolith accumulation in the leaf and root tissues of various Thai rice cultivars and analyze the relationship with the expression levels of two groups of silicon transport genes: silicon influx transporter genes (OsLsi1 and OsLsi6) and silicon efflux transporter genes (OsLsi2 and OsLsi3). It demonstrated that phytolith accumulation in root tissues was significantly higher than in leaf blades and sheaths (p<0.05). The highest phytolith accumulation was observed in RD51 and RD43, with values of 146.10 and 120.03 mg/gDW, respectively. The total phytolith content of RD51 was 2.01 times greater than that of KDML105. Additionally, a positive correlation was detected between phytolith content and the expressions of OsLsi2 and OsLsi3 (r = 0.49*). OsLsi2 and OsLsi3 enable silicon transfer between cells, allowing for silicon transport within the plant and its storage in the form of phytoliths.

Potential of Antagonistic Microorganisms Against Sheath Rot Disease of Riceberry Caused by Sarocladium oryzae

Sasit Khomweerawong — 2025-08-21

Riceberry sheath rot caused by Sarocladium oryzae significantly reduces rice production in both quantity and quality. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of antagonistic microorganisms in inhibiting S. oryzae in vitro and controlling sheath rot disease of riceberry in vivo. S. oryzae was isolated from riceberry showing symptoms of sheath rot and dirty panicle using the tissue transplanting method and confirmed for pathogenicity. Efficiency test of seven species of antagonistic microorganisms in inhibiting the growth of S. oryzae in laboratory conditions using the dual culture method on potato dextrose agar medium. It was found that the yeast Torulaspora indica DMKU-RP31 was able to inhibit the growth of S. oryzae the most, with a percentage inhibition of pathogenic fungi at 22.67%, while other antagonistic microorganisms were inhibited at 6 - 20.67%. Evaluating the ability to control sheath rot disease in greenhouse conditions by spraying cells or suspended spores of antagonistic microorganisms at a concentration of 1.0 x 105 cells per ml. on the leaf sheaths of 75-day-old riceberry once during pregnancy compared with the control method that uses water. When the rice was 103 days old, it was found that Trichoderma asperellum CB-Pin-01, T. indica DMKU-RP31, and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens reduced the sheath rot disease index compared to the control treatment. The disease incidence index was found to be 11.23%, 12.54%, and 13.22%, respectively, while the control method had a disease incidence index as high as 42.53%.

Assessing the Impact of Cumulative Rainfall on River Flow in the Khlong Suan Mak River basin, Kamphaeng Phet Province, Using the HEC-RAS Model

Peerawat Charoensin — 2025-08-21

This study focuses on assessing the impact of accumulated rainfall on flood-prone areas in the Khlong Suan Mak river basin, located in Kamphaeng Phet province. The HEC-RAS model is integrated with the "Rain on Grid" technique. The model simulates extreme rainfall events, including the "rain bomb" phenomenon, which is characterized by intense rainfall within a short period of time and can lead to flash floods. An accumulated rainfall of 250 millimeters per day for three consecutive days was used for the simulation. In addition, the effects of different water levels of the Ping River were analyzed in three scenarios: the average water level (+74.48 msl.), the highest water level recorded in 2011 (+76.93 msl.), and the overflow level (+79.00 msl.). The results show that changes in the water levels of the Ping River significantly affect the extent of flooding and peak discharge. The flooded areas increased in the three scenarios to 52,631 rai, 53,721 rai, and 58,247 rai, respectively. As the water level rises, the peak discharges decrease, but the time required for water runoff increases. These results provide valuable insights for flood management planning and enable stakeholders to better prepare for and mitigate future flood risks.

Evaluating AquaCrop Model Performance for Simulating Rice Yield under Varying Salinity Levels: A Case Study from a Pot Experiment in Central Thailand

Natchapon Karakul — 2025-08-21

Soil salinity, a major constraint on rice production worldwide, is often quantified by electrical conductivity. This study investigated the performance of the AquaCrop model to simulate rice yield under varying salinity levels in a controlled pot experiment conducted in an experimental greenhouse at Kasetsart University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand, from October 5, 2023, to January 20, 2024. Rice plants were grown in 28x28x35 cm pots filled with 20 cm of soil and subjected to four salinity treatments: no salt (NaCl), 50 g NaCl, 100 g NaCl, and 150 g NaCl. Each treatment had five replicates. The AquaCrop model was run using observed climate data (temperature, solar radiation, wind speed, humidity), soil properties, crop parameters, and irrigation management practices. Experimental results revealed a negative impact of salinity on both above-ground biomass and dry grain yield. AquaCrop simulations realistically captured the trend of decreasing biomass and yield with increasing salinity. While the model acceptably estimated above-ground biomass, it slightly overestimated dry grain yield compared to observed values. This study highlights AquaCrop's potential as a tool for simulating rice response to salinity stress. Further refinement of model parameters and enhanced capabilities to simulate plant responses to salinity in greater detail could further improve model performance.

The Study on Water Resources Management in the Prasae River Basin Support to the Eastern Economic Corridor (EEC) Development

Saowalak Pumu-sit — 2025-08-21

This research analyzed the water resource system of Prasae Reservoir by studying 4 cases:Case 1 is increasing the water source of Prasae Reservoir from Khlong Saphan Line 1 and diverting water from Prasae Reservoir to Khlong Yai Reservoir and Nong Pla Lai Reservoir. Case 2 is Case 1 with increasing water pumping from Khlong Wang Tanod Line 1 to refill Prasae Reservoir. Case 3 is Case 2 with increasing water pumping from Khlong Saphan Line 2 to refill Prasae Reservoir and increase the diversion of water to Nong Kho Reservoir. Case 4 is Case 3 with increasing water pumping from Khlong Wang Tonod Line 2 to refill Prasae Reservoir. The study results found that Case 4 was able to divert the highest volume of water from Prasae Reservoir, followed by Cases 3 and 2, respectively. Therefore, increasing water resources from multiple external water sources can help increase the stability and water use efficiency of Prasae Reservoir.

Characterization of Arabica Coffee Aroma by Gas Chromatography – Olfactometry – Mass Spectrometry

Jiraporn Burakorn — 2025-08-21

This study analyzed the volatile compounds in Arabica coffee using SPME Gas Chromatography-Olfactometry Mass Spectrometry with a non-polar capillary column (HP-5MS) and a desorption temperature of 60°C. The analysis by Gas Chromatography-Olfactometry (GC-O) revealed that the most abundant volatile compounds contributing to the aroma of Arabica coffee belong to the groups of pyrazines, furans, and pyrroles. Notable examples of these compounds include 2,6-dimethylpyrazine, which imparts a roasted aroma; 2-ethyl-3-methylpyrazine, which provides a pandan leaf scent; 2-furanmethanol, which gives a rancid or green off-note; and 1-(2-furanylmethyl)-1H-pyrrole, which has a grassy green off-flavor. The method validation showed a linear response within the concentration range of 1-40 mg/L. The limits of detection and quantification were found to be 0.21 and 0.7 mg/kg, respectively.

Development of an Exercise Machine with the Friction Principle

Rotchana Prapainop — 2025-08-21

This study presents the development of an exercise machine based on the principle of friction, designed under product design patent number 86670. The machine, resembling a vehicle with wheels, features a smooth rear surface for pushing and ropes on both sides for pulling. The research focuses on the design, construction, and testing of the machine, without involving a human sample group. The machine’s empty weight is 21 kg, with additional weighted bags ranging from 5 to 50 kg. The construction process includes building a steel frame, upholstering it, and attaching wheels. The experiment measures the forces required to push and pull the machine using force gauges. These measurements, including normal forces ranging from 206.0 N to 696.5 N, were conducted on two different floor surfaces: vinyl and carpeted. Results indicate that, on the vinyl floor, the average forces required to initiate movement at a normal force of 696.5 N were 32.04 N for pushing and 31.56 N for pulling. On the carpeted floor under the same normal force, the average forces required were 56.1 N and 45.0 N for pushing and pulling, respectively. These findings highlight the differences in force requirements across floor types and between pushing and pulling actions. Therefore, the proposed exercise machine is expected to be suitable for low-intensity exercise by utilizing normal forces and surfaces tailored to the user’s needs.

A Study of Types of Skincare Creams Affected the Creation of Latent Fingerprints on Non-Porous Surfaces Using the Cyanoacrylate Fuming Technique

Titapa Srisawat — 2025-08-21

Latent fingerprints are critical evidence used for personal identification, as the unique characteristics of fingerprints vary from person to person. However, due to the widespread use of various skincare products on the body, palms, and fingers, this study aims to examine the effects of different types of skincare products, with varying compositions, on the formation of latent fingerprints on non-porous surfaces and the optimal preservation time for latent fingerprints using the cyanoacrylate fuming technique. The findings revealed that different types of skincare products influence the formation of latent fingerprints in varying degrees. Aloe vera gel-based skincare products resulted in the most significant reduction in the quality of latent fingerprints due to their water-based composition, in contrast to other skincare products that contain oil as a major component. It was also observed that latent fingerprints stored for three days retained their quality most effectively. In conclusion, the type of skincare product and the duration of fingerprint preservation significantly affect the quality of latent fingerprints, which can be further applied in the field of forensic science.

Heavy Metal Bioaccumulation in Some Economic Fishes from Ban Bang Bo, Samut Songkhram Province

Promporn Pimjong — 2025-08-21

The aim of the present study was to analyze heavy metal bioaccumulation (Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn) in gill, liver, and muscle of Greenback mullet (Liza subviridis), Fourfinger threadfin (Eleutheronema tetradactylum), Short-bodied mackerel (Rastrelliger brachysoma), and Narrow-barred Spanish mackerel (Scomberomorus commerson), which were collected using gill net from Ban Bang Bo, Samut Songkhram Province. Zn accumulation showed the highest in Short-bodied mackerel’s gills (52.762 mg/kg), while Cu accumulation showed the highest in Greenback mullet’s liver (24.275 mg/kg). Cd and Pb were not detected in any of the fish examined. Cu and Zn, mostly exhibited the accumulation in liver and gills, however muscle possessed the lowest accumulation of all metals and was prone to be strongest in Narrow-barred Spanish mackerel. The level of Cu showed the highest accumulation significantly in liver (p<0.05). Based on the results, the level of Cu and Zn in muscle were below the maximum permissible limits of Ministry of Public Health of Thailand and the European Commission Regulation guideline values and safe for consumers.

Artificial Intelligence in Sports Science: A Global Perspective

Tachapon Tongterm — 2025-08-21

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative technology in the modern era, playing a vital role in advancing sports science on a global scale. This academic article aims to 1) synthesize knowledge regarding AI technologies and innovations related to the sports industry, 2) analyze the roles of AI in enhancing athletic performance, sports management, and rehabilitation within the context of sports science, and 3) assess the global impacts of AI on the sports sector across economic, social, cultural, and ethical dimensions. The study reveals that AI has been extensively developed in both hardware and software and has been applied in sports science through systems for tracking physical fitness and performance, real-time data analysis, decision-making tools with high precision, and integrated health information management. AI contributes significantly to optimizing athletic performance, reducing injury risks, and designing more accurate and personalized rehabilitation processes. Moreover, the macro-level analysis indicates that the advancement of AI technologies supports the growth of the sports technology industry, transforms patterns of play and sports spectatorship, and raises emerging ethical concerns regarding fairness in competition and data privacy. Finally, this article proposes policy-oriented approaches that emphasize equitable access to technology, the reduction of systemic disparities, and the development of appropriate regulatory frameworks to ensure the sustainable evolution of global sports science.

The Implementation of Cloud-Based ERP and Traditional ERP System for SME

Sittidej Sirisukha — 2025-08-21

Cloud technology, under various forms, is becoming more advanced and flexible, making it an essential component for success in the digital age and business process for companies. By enhancing the organization's performance, it can become a significant software provider, combining virtualization with cloud technology. The cost of ERP implementation is one of the concerns in SME for the financial. Currently, data communication and telecom companies offer, along with other communication and cloud storage services, access to on-line ERP, with standard modules with a few customization features, where time-to-deployment is considerably reduced, ERP being marketed as Software as Service. Small and large organizations can use different types of cloud computing. It can alter the commonality within the acronyms following Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS), Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS), and Software-as-a-Service (SaaS). This paper's purpose is to identify the benefits and drawbacks of traditional ERP versus cloud-based ERP systems in small and large organizations. This paper investigates the business process for ERP implementation in SME, between Cloud-Based ERP and Traditional ERP System highlighting the differences in common approaches.