Factors Affecting the Modern Trade Evolution of Hardware Retail Businesses within the Supply Chain Contexts in Bangkok’s Metropolitan Area: An SME Business Case Study
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Bangkok’s hardware retail industry is rapidly transforming due to urbanization, digitalization, and shifting consumer behavior. SMEs face major challenges in adapting, limited resources, weak supply chain integration, and competition from large firms. Grounded in the Resource-Based View (RBV) and Supply Chain Management (SCM) theories, this research investigates how internal capabilities and external market pressures shape the modernization of hardware retail SMEs, and how integration within supply chain processes mediates digital transformation, competitiveness, and customer responsiveness. Using a mixed-methods approach, quantitative surveys from 200 SMEs and interviews with 10 key informants were analyzed through multiple regression, SEM, and thematic analysis. Findings indicated that internal preparedness and environmental adaptability strongly influenced integration performance, which in turn drove digital transformation and customer-focused outcomes. Key enablers included managerial flexibility, financial readiness, supplier collaboration, and customer relationship management. A policy implication emerging from the analysis was the need for targeted governmental support to enhance SME digital literacy, strengthen supplier-retailer networks, and promote sustainable omnichannel development within Thailand’s retail sector.
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