Design and Experimental Evaluation of a Mechanical Impact-Triggered Activation System for Lightweight Aerial Platforms

Abstract

This study presents the design and experimental evaluation of a mechanical impact-triggering system for lightweight aerial platforms, addressing limitations of conventional electronic mechanisms such as high cost, complexity, and environmental sensitivity. The system operates by converting impact-induced kinetic energy into mechanical actuation, enabling passive and energy-independent triggering. A hybrid material configuration using high-density steel (St.37) and aluminum (Al 1100) is employed to optimize mass distribution and improve impact orientation. The prototype was tested through controlled drop experiments at 5 m, 10 m, and 15 m with repeated trials. Results show that activation reliability increases with drop height, achieving full consistency at higher energy levels. One-way ANOVA confirms a significant effect of drop height on performance (p < 0.05). The behavior is explained using an energy threshold model, where activation occurs only when impact energy exceeds a critical value, providing a physics-based interpretation. The system demonstrates good structural integrity and repeatability, offering a robust and cost-effective solution for reliable mechanical activation.