Crude Extracts from Rhizome of Ginger (Alpinia galangal (L.) Willd) on Barnyard Grass Seed Germination and Seedling Growth Inhibition

Abstract

The objectives of this research were to study the concentration of ginger (Alpinia galangal (L.) Willd) rhizome crude extracts and to determine the effective of ginger rhizome crude extracts on barnyard grass germination and seedling growth inhibition. Dried ginger rhizomes were extracted by 2 solvents; ethanol and methanol (1:10 w/v). After that, both dried crude extracts was prepared for 5 concentration; 1,000, 500, 250, 125 and 62.5 µg/ml. Each crude extract dilution was put in seed culture plates and incubated at room temperature for 4 days then, investigated the percentage of germination inhibition, germination index, mean germination time, shoot and root growth rate. The result showed that the concentration of ginger rhizome methanolic and ethanolic crude extracts at 1,000 µg/ml displayed the highest of the percentage of germination inhibition, which the percentage of germination inhibition were 35.84±1.88 and 11.33±11.33, respectively. Moreover, the ginger rhizome methanolic crude extract at the concentration of 250 µg/ml affected on barnyard grass seed germination index whereas mean germination time of ginger rhizome both methanolic and ethanolic crude extracts were 1.73-2.64 days. Furthermore, ginger rhizome methanolic crude extract at the concentration of 250 µg/ml showed the least value of shoot growth rate at 35.90±3.07 millimeter per seed and at the concentration of 1,000 µg/ml showed the least value of root growth rate at 21.03±6.65 millimeter per seed. Thus, it can conclude that the ginger rhizome methanolic crude extract at the concentration of 1,000 µg/ml exhibited the percentage of germination inhibition better than the ginger rhizome ethanolic