Crude Extracts from Lemongrass, Siamese Neem and Tamarind on Germination and Seedling Growth Inhibition of Swollen Finger Grass Seed (Chloris barbata Sw.)

Abstract

The objectives of this research were to study the effective of aqueous and ethanolic crude extracts of lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus (DC) Stapf.), siamese neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss var. siamensis Valeton) and tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.) and to determine the concentration of the crude extracts on swollen finger grass (Chloris barbata Sw.) germination and seedling growth inhibition. Dried stem of lemongrass, leaf of siamese neem tree andtamarind were extracted using 2 solvents; 70% ethanol and boiled-distilled water by maceration. Each crude extract was prepared for 4 concentration; 100, 75, 50, and 25 gDW/L. After that, crude extract dilution was put in seed culture plates and incubated at room temperature for 7 days. At 7 days, the result showed that both aqueous and ethanolic of lemongrass and siamese neem tree crude extracts at 100 gDW/L displayed the percentage of germination inhibition higher than tamarind crude extracts, which the range of the percentage of germination inhibition were 86-97%. The extracts also affected on barnyard grass seed germination index (1.10-0.55). Mean germination time of all extracts less than control Moreover, the lemongrasscrude ethanolic crude extract at the concentration of 100 gDW/L showed the least value of shoot and root growth rate at 0.05±0.07 and 0.03±0.04 millimeter per seed, respectively. Thus, it can conclude that the ethanolic crude extracts exhibited seed germination and seedling growth inhibition better than aqueous crude extracts and the concentration of 100 gDW/L of lemongrass, siamese neem tree crude extracts showed seed germination and seedling growth inhibition better than tamarind crude extract. The results from this research can be utilized for reducing the herbicide from chemicles around paddy and also use plants in the locality area to achieve maximum benefits as well