Enhancement of Post-Thaw Sperm Quality and Reduction of Oxidative Stress in Bull Frozen Semen through Melatonin Supplementation in Egg Yolk-Tris Extender
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Abstract
This study aimed to assess the impact of melatonin supplementation in egg yolk-tris extenders (ETG) on sperm quality and oxidative stress parameters in frozen semen of Kamphaeng Saen bulls. Semen samples were collected from 4 bulls. Each was sampled 4 times at one-week intervals. All collected semen samples were into 4 parts: a control group without melatonin supplementation and three treatment groups supplemented with melatonin in ETG at concentrations of 1, 2, and 3 mM. The findings demonstrated that melatonin supplementation at 1 and 2 mM significantly enhanced post-thawed sperm motility compared to both the control group and the 3 mM group (50.00, 51.51, 41.54, and 39.40%, respectively; P=0.0208). Additionally, the proportion of static sperm was significantly reduced in the 1 and 2 mM melatonin groups (P=0.0178). In terms of oxidative damage, assessed via malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, the 2 and 3 mM melatonin groups exhibited significantly lower MDA levels, compared to the control and 1 mM groups (1.0857, 1.1002, 2.8942, and 1.8061 µM, respectively; P<0.001). These findings suggest that melatonin supplementation at a concentration of 2 mM in ETG can enhance the quality of frozen-thawed bull semen by improving motility and reducing oxidative stress.
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