Behavior, survival rate and histological alterations in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus-mossambicus) after exposed to abamectin

Chutima Thanomsit; Yhardpeth Ocharoen; Phochit Nanthanawat

Authors

Chutima Thanomsit Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan Surin Campus, Surin 32000, Thailand
Yhardpeth Ocharoen Environmental Science Program, Faculty of Science, Burapha University, Chon Buri 20131, Thailand
Phochit Nanthanawat Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Burapha University, Chon Buri 20131, Thailand

Keywords:

Abamectin, Behavior, Histology, Fish, Survival

Abstract

Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus-mossambicus) was applied to assess the toxicity of abamectin contamination in aquatic environment because it is normally found. It is classified as important protein source in many areas. In the case of being contaminated, it causes adverse effects in both fish health and human which is the top consumer. In this study, its toxicity was assessed based on behavior, survival rate and histological alterations in gill, liver, and intestine. The abamectin concentrations were 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10 µg L^-1 and exposure times at 24, 48, 72 and 96 h. After fish was exposed to abamectin, their behavior was changed that they swam without direction. Besides, their operculum frequently opened and closed. Then, they floated on surface of water and eventually died. In the concentration of 2.5 µg L^-1 survival rate remained 100% until the end of experiment. For other concentrations, the rate decreased with an increasing in abamectin concentration and exposure time. The alterations observed in gill were hyperplasia, partial fusion of gill lamellae, edema and epithelial lifting. In the liver, cell was deformed and blood congestion, vacuolation and necrosis of hepatocyte were observed. And, lesion and necrosis in intestine of exposed fish were observed. Thus, it concluded that all alteration observed could be used as warning signal in other fish and Nile tilapia has a potential to be alternative bio-indicator for toxicant contamination in the waters.

References

Al-Kahtani, M. A. (2011). Effect of an insecticides abamectin on some biochemical Characteristics of Tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus). American Journal of Agricultural & Biological Science, 6(1), 62-68.

Bernet, D., Schmidt, H., Melier, W., Burkhardt-Holm, P., & Washli, T. (1999). Histopathology in fish: proposal for protocol to assess aquatic pollution. Journal of Fish Diseases, 22, 25-34.

Cochran, R. E., & Burnett, L. E. (1996). Respiratory responses of the salt marsh animals, Fundulus heteroclitus, Leiostomus xanthurus, and Palaemonetes pugio to environmental hypoxia and hypercapnia and to the organophosphate pesticide, azinphosmethyl. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 195, 125-144.

El-Said, M. M. (2007). Evaluation of Abamectin toxicity on some biochemical constituents and osmoregulation in freshwater fish Oreochromis niloticus (Tilapia niloticus). Journal of Egypt society of Toxicology, 37, 1-10.

Figueiredo-Fernandes, A., Ferreira-Cardoso, J. V., Garcia-Santos, S., Monteiro, S. M., Carrola, J., Matos, P., & Fontaínhas-Fernandes, A. (2007). Histopathological changes in liver and gill epithelium of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus exposed to waterborne copper. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira, 27(3), 103-109.

Fisher, M. H., & Mrozik, H. (1989). Chemistry. In W. C. Campbell (Ed.), Avermectin and Abamectin. (pp. 1-23) NewYork: Springer Verlag.

Genten, F., Terwinghe, E., & Danguy, A. (2009). Atlas of fish histology. USA: Science.

Heath, A. G. (1987). Water pollution and fish physiology. Florida: CRC Press.

Hedayati, A., Vajargah, M. F., Yalsuyi, A. M., Abarghoei, S., & Hajiahmadyan, M. (2014). Acute toxicity test of pesticide abamectin on common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Journal of Coastal Life Medicine, 2(11), 841-844.

Hofmann, H. A., & Fernald, R. D. (2000). Social status controls somato statin neuron size and growth. The Journal of Neuroscience, 20, 4740–4744.

Höglund, E., Kolm, N., & Winberg, S. (2001). Stress-induced changes in brain serotonergic activity, plasma cortisol and aggressive behavior in Artic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) is counteracted by l-DOPA. Physiology & Behavior, 74, 381–389.

Høy, T., Horsberg, T. E., & Nafstad, I. (1990). The disposition of ivermectin in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Pharmacology & Toxicology, 67, 307–312.

Jenčič, V., C erne, M., Kozˇuh Erzˇen, N., Kobal, S, & Cerkvenik Flajs, V. (2006). Abamectin effects on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Ecotoxicology, 15, 249-257.

Mallatt, J. (1985). Fish gill structural changes induced by toxicants and other irritants; a statistical review. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 42, 630-648.

Nazifi, S., Firoozbakhsh, F., & Bolouki, M. (2000). Evaluation of serum biochemichal parameters in experimental intoxication with trichlorofon in silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Valencrennes). Journal of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 55, 55-60.

Olufayo, M. O, & Alade, O. H. (2012) Acute toxicity and histological changes in gills, liver and kidney of catfish, Heterobranchus bidorsalis exposed to cypermethrin concentration. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 7(31), 4453-4459.

Panigrahi, A. K. , Choudhury, N, & Tarafdar, J. (2014). Ollutional impact on someselective agricultureal pesticide on fish Cyprinus carprio. International Journal of Research in Applied, Natural and Social Sciences, 2(2), 71-76.

Riehl, R., & Baensch, H. A. (1996). Aquarien-Atlas, band 1. Melle: Mergus Verlag GmBH

Roberts, J. R. (1978). The pathophysiology and systematic pathology of teleosts. fish pathology (1st ed., pp. 67-70). Bailliere Tindall: London.

Sabra, F., & Mehana, E. E. (2015). Pesticides Toxicity in Fish with Particular Reference to Insecticides. Asian Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences, 3(1), 2321–1571.

Scott, G. R., & Sloman, K. A., (2004). The effects of environmental pollutants on complex fish behaviour: integrating behavioural and physiological indicators of toxicity. Aquatic Toxicology, 68, 369–392.

Seeduangkaew, J., Kulsarin, J., Buranapanichpan, S., & Kumpiro, S. (2015). Biology of Cotton Leafhopper and Efficacy of Insecticides for Controlling in Purple Eggplant. Journal of Agriculture, 31( 2), 193-201

Temmink, J., Bouweister, P., De Jong, P., & Van Den Berg, J. (1983). An ultrastructure of chromatin induced hyperplasia in the gill of rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri. Aquatic toxicology, 4, 165-179.

Walker, C. H., Hopkin, S. P., Sibly, R. M., & Peakall, D. B. (2006). Principle of Ecotoxicology. USA: Taylor & Franc