Chemical Constituents of Fruits and Leaves of Cratoxylum cochinchinense  and Their Cytotoxic Activities

Benjamat Chailap; Thanesuan Nuanyai; Songchan  Puthong; Anumart Buakeaw

Authors

Benjamat Chailap Faculty of Liberal Arts, Rajamangala University of Technology Rattanakosin, Wang Klai Kangwon Campus, Nongkae, Huahin, Prachuap Khiri Khan, 77110, Thailand
Thanesuan Nuanyai Faculty of Liberal Arts, Rajamangala University of Technology Rattanakosin, Wang Klai Kangwon Campus, Nongkae, Huahin, Prachuap Khiri Khan, 77110, Thailand
Songchan Puthong The Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Wang Mai, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
Anumart Buakeaw The Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Wang Mai, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand

Keywords:

Cratoxylum cochinchinense, cytotoxicity, xanthone, tocotrienol, vitamin E derivatives, structure elucidation

Abstract

Seven compounds; Vismiaquinone A (1), 7-geranyloxy-1,3-dihydroxyxanthone (2), Cochinchinone G (3), Fuscaxanthone E (4), g-tocotrienol (5), δ-tocotrienol (6), and a-tocopherol (7) were isolated from fruits and leaves of Cratoxylum cochinchinense. The structures of all isolated compounds were elucidated by basic NMR spectroscopy (¹H, ¹³C, COSY, HSQC and HMBC) and compared with previous literatures. Interestingly, g-tocotrienol (5) and a-tocopherol (7) were the first time being isolated from C. cochinchinense. The chemical constituents of C. cochinchinense such as g-tocotrienol (5), δ-tocotrienol (6), and a-tocopherol (7) are vitamin E derivatives that have been used for cosmetic ingredients. Thus, this plant extract should be promising probability for applying to cosmetic ingredients. Furthermore, all isolated compounds were also tested for in vitro cytotoxic activity against five human cancer cell lines; breast (BT474), lung (ChaGo-K-1), liver (HepG2), gastric (KATO-III), and colon (SW-620) cancer cell lines by MTT assay method. The cytotoxic activity of compound 3 against SW-620 (colon cancer cell line, IC₅₀ 4.64 mg/mL) was found to be stronger than other compounds.

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