Influences of Ammonium Nitrate on Growth and Inulin Content of Jerusalem Artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) in Vitro

Phuangpha Punha; Sumana Neera; Panupon Hongpakdee

doi:10.14456/nujst.2019.27

Authors

Phuangpha Punha Horticulture Division, Plant Science and Agricultural Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Muang, Khon Kaen, Thailand, 40002
Sumana Neera Horticulture Division, Plant Science and Agricultural Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Muang, Khon Kaen, Thailand, 40002
Panupon Hongpakdee Horticulture Division, Plant Science and Agricultural Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Muang, Khon Kaen, Thailand, 40002

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14456/nujst.2019.27

Keywords:

Ammonium nitrate, HPLC – RID, Inulin, In vitro, Jerusalem artichoke

Abstract

Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) consists of high inulin and fructose, useful for the pharmaceuticals and chemical industries. Therefore, previous researchers have studied on the micropropagation of Jerusalem artichoke from seeds, nodes, and young leaves; effects of sugar and plant growth regulators on culture and inulin content in Jerusalem artichoke; and microtuber propagation. However, studies on the effects of ammonium nitrate (NH₄NO₃) on growth and biosynthesis of inulin in Jerusalem artichoke are scarce at present. Therefore, the objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of NH₄NO₃on the growth of Jerusalem artichoke and its inulin content in vitro. Auxiliary meristems from the field-grown plants were cultured on MS medium containing 0, 825, 1,650, and 3,300 mg/L NH₄NO₃. The inulin content of plantlets was analyzed by HPLC-RID after subculturing every 4 weeks for 5 times. The results showed that shoot length, node number, leaf number, leaf width, leaf length, fresh weight, and dry weight were maximum in 3,300 mg/L NH₄NO₃. While shoot number and root number were best in 1,650 mg/L NH₄NO₃. Furthermore, the study found maximum inulin content on MS containing 1,650 mg/L NH₄NO₃ and higher hyperhydricity in higher concentrations of NH₄NO₃. Overall, MS containing 1,650 mg/L NH₄NO₃showed a positive effect on vegetative growth, hyperhydricity, and inulin production of Jerusalem artichoke. It can be used as an alternative approach for propagation and inulin production from Jerusalem artichoke.

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