Antioxidant Activity and Effect of Sa-khan (Piper, Piperaceae) on the Normal Human Proximal Tubular Epithelial Cell Line

Daoyot Daorueang

doi:10.14456/nujst.2020.34

Authors

Daoyot Daorueang Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao, 56000, Thailand

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14456/nujst.2020.34

Keywords:

Sa-khan, normal human proximal tubular epithelial cell, antioxidant activity

Abstract

The oxidative damage to proximal tubular epithelial cells may lead to renal dysfunction. This research aimed to investigate antioxidant activity of the Sa-khan crude extract (SCE) and evaluated its effect on cell viability of proximal tubular epithelial cells. The total phenolic content of the SCE was determined using Folin-Ciocalteu method. The free radical scavenging activity of the SCE was investigated by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay. The effect of the SCE on HK-2 cells, the human proximal tubular epithelial cell line, was investigated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The SCE showed the total phenolic content of 17.35 ± 0.40 mg GAE/g extract. In addition, the SCE exhibited scavenging activity on DPPH (IC₅₀ = 1.15+0.071 mg/mL). Moreover, eleven spots of antioxidant compounds were detected when the two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography combined with the DPPH spray technique was performed. Furthermore, the SCE at the concentration of 0.125 mg/mL could promote the proliferation of HK-2 cells over various durations. Together, these results indicate that the SCE may contain compound(s) with potential health benefits.

References

Ceriello, A., & Motz, E. (2004). Is oxidative stress the pathogenic mechanism underlying insulin resistance, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease? The common soil hypothesis revisited. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, 24(5), 816-823.

Humphreys, B. D., Czerniak, S., DiRocco, D. P., Hasnain, W., Cheema, R., & Bonventre, J. V. (2011). Repair of injured proximal tubule does not involve specialized progenitors. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 108(22), 9226-9231.

Kao, M. P., Ang, D. S., Pall, A., & Struthers, A. D. (2010). Oxidative stress in renal dysfunction: mechanisms, clinical sequelae and therapeutic options. Journal of Human Hypertension, 24(1), 1-8.

Kondo, S., Sattaponpan, C., Phongpaichit, S., Srijan, A., & Itharat, A. (2010). Antibacterial activity of Thai medicinal plants Pikutbenjakul. The Journal of Medical Association of Thailand, 93, 131-135.

Makchuchit, S., Rattarom, R., & Itharat, A. (2017). The anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory effects of Benjakul extract (a Thai traditional medicine), its constituent plants and its some pure constituents using in vitro experiments. Biomed Pharmacother, 89, 1018-1026.

Panthong, S., & Itharat, A. (2014). Effect of Piper chaba Hunter, Piper sarmentosum Roxb. and Piper interruptum Opiz. on natural killer cell activity and lymphocyte proliferation. The Journal of Medical Association of Thailand, 8, 133-139.

Ratliff, B. B., Abdulmahdi, W., Pawar, R., & Wolin M.S. (2016). Oxidant Mechanisms in Renal Injury and Disease. Antioxid Redox Signal, 25(3), 119-146.

Ruangnoo, S., Itharat, A., Sakpakdeejaroen, I., Rattarom, R., Tappayutpijam, P., Pawa, K. K. (2012). In vitro cytotoxic activity of Benjakul herbal preparation and its active compounds against human lung, cervical and liver cancer cells. The Journal of Medical Association of Thailand, 95, 127-134.

Singh, A., Kukreti, R., Saso, L., & Kukreti, S. (2019). Oxidative Stress: A Key Modulator in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Molecules, 24(8), 1583. doi: 10.3390/molecules24081583.

Sireeratawong, S., Itharat, A., Lerdvuthisopon, N., Piyabhan, P., Khonsung, P., Boonraeng, S., & Jaijoy, K. (2012). Anti-Inflammatory, Analgesic, and Antipyretic Activities of the Ethanol Extract of Piper interruptum Opiz. and Piper chaba Linn. ISRN Pharmacol, 2012, 480265. doi: 10.5402/2012/480265.

Small, D. M., Coombes, J. S., Bennett, N., Johnson, D. W., & Gobe, G. C. (2012). Oxidative stress, anti-oxidant therapies and chronic kidney disease. Nephrology, 17(4), 311-321.

Steven, S., Frenis, K., Oelze, M., Kalinovic, S., Kuntic, M., Bayo-Jimenez, M. T., Daiber, A. (2019). Vascular Inflammation and Oxidative Stress: Major Triggers for Cardiovascular Disease. Oxid Med Cell Longev, 2019, 7092151. doi: 10.1155/2019/7092151.

Sullivan, L. B., & Chandel N. S. (2014). Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and cancer. Cancer Metab, 2, 17. doi: 10.1186/2049-3002-2-17.