Histopathological Changes of Renal Tubules in Metformin and A. Crassna Leaf Extract treated STZ-induced Diabetic Rats

Sasiprapa Khunchai; Rattanaporn Jarernsook; Thanapoom Monthathong; Rachanee Chanasong; Krongkarn Chootip; Kornkanok Ingkaninan; Eakkaluk Wongwad; Kitsaphon Kanamnouy; Sangkab Sudsaward

doi:10.14456/nujst.2023.9

Authors

Sasiprapa Khunchai Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand.
Rattanaporn Jarernsook Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand.
Thanapoom Monthathong Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand.
Rachanee Chanasong Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand.
Krongkarn Chootip Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand.
Kornkanok Ingkaninan Centre of Excellence in Cannabis Research, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000.
Eakkaluk Wongwad Centre of Excellence in Cannabis Research, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Department of Cosmetic Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao, 56000, Thailand.
Kitsaphon Kanamnouy Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand.
Sangkab Sudsaward Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14456/nujst.2023.9

Keywords:

A. Crassna, Diabetic nephropathy, Metformin, STZ-induced diabetic rats, PAS

Abstract

This research is part of the project to study and assess the anti-diabetes effects of A. Crassna leaf extract treatment for STZ-induced diabetic rats, to evaluate tissue damage amelioration. To determine the side effects of Diabetes Mellitus (DM)-treated rats, metformin (a common anti-hyperglycemic medicine) and A. Crassna crude extract were tested on kidney tissue from the diabetic rats. We evaluated the changes in renal tubular histology in the kidneys of the diabetic rats that were given metformin and A. Crassna crude extract. Paraffin blocks with kidney samples embedded were prepared for each group: 1) control group, 2) diabetic group, 3) metformin-treated diabetes group, 4) A. Crassna leaf extract-treated diabetes group by 300 ml/kg (K300), and 5) 1000 ml/kg (K1000). The tissue sections were stained with routine hematoxylin and eosin and a special staining technique for glycogen accumulation identification, periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) reagent, to identify tubular pathology. In hyperglycemic conditions, as shown in the DM model in the metformin-treated group, and K300 and K1000 A. Crassna-treated investigations, subnuclear vacuolizations (Armanni-Ebstein lesions) were discovered to have increased by approximately 19.09% (p=0.01) in metformin-treated diabetic rats. However, tubular lesions were also observed in the DM, K300, and K1000 groups. The distal tubule is often targeted for tubular anomalies that do not damage the juxtaglomerular structure. The study demonstrates the renal tubular toxicity of metformin and A. Crassna leaf extract in acute hyperglycemic rats, possibly providing a renal side effect for diabetic treatment.

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